Article
Kyungpook Mathematical Journal 2020; 60(1): 44-51
Published online March 31, 2020
Copyright © Kyungpook Mathematical Journal.
On Generalized FI-extending Modules
Canan Celep Yücel
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Pamukkale University, Denizli 20070, Turkey
e-mail : ccyucel@pau.edu.tr
Received: June 3, 2016; Revised: November 2, 2019; Accepted: December 3, 2019
Abstract
A module
Keywords: fully invariant submodule, FI-extending, GFI-extending.
1. Introduction
In recent years, the theory of extending modules and rings has come to play an important role in the theory of rings and modules. A module
In [2], the following statements were proved: (1) Any direct sum of FI-extending modules is FI-extending; (2) A ring
In this work, we determine a generalization of the FI-extending module which is not only preserved under various extensions including direct sums and matrix constructions. We define a module
Throughout this paper, all rings are associative with unity and all modules are unital right modules. Recall from [2], a submodule
2. GFI-extending Modules
In this section, we begin with the definition of the main concept of this paper. Then, we study relationships between the extending, FI-extending and GFI-extending modules. We also consider connections between the singular and GFI-extending modules.
Definition 2.1
Let
Proposition 2.2
M is extending ,M is FI-extending ,M is GFI-extending.
(i) ⇒ (ii) and (ii) ⇒ (iii). These implications are clear.
Let
Finally, let
Lemma 2.3
This proof is routine.
In general, the reverse implication of the above result does not hold. For example, let ℤ be the ring of all integers. Then, ℤ is extending. Hence, it is FI-extending. By Proposition 2.2, ℤ is GFI-extending as a right ℤ-module, but it is nonsingular.
The following lemma gives the equivalence of the FI-extending and GFI-extending modules.
Lemma 2.4
Let
The following proposition is a consequence of Definition 2.1 and gives a characterization of the GFI-extending modules by fully invariant submodules.
Proposition 2.5
M is GFI-extending. For any fully invariant submodule N of M, M has a decomposition M =K ⊕K′ such that N ≤K and that M/ (K′ +N )is singular. For any fully invariant submodule N of M, M/N has a decomposition M/N =K/N ⊕K′/N such that K is a direct summand of M and that M/K′ is singular. For any fully invariant submodule N of M, there is a direct summand K of M such that for any x ∈K there is an essential right ideal I of R such that xI ≤N.
The proof is straightforward.
Lemma 2.6
Assume
Proposition 2.7
Let
The next result establishes connections between a GFI-extending module and its injective hull.
Proposition 2.8
(⇒). Assume that
(⇐). Let
In the next lemma and theorem, we prove that the GFI-extending property of a ring
Lemma 2.9
The proof is a clear consequence of [2, Lemma 2.2] because
Theorem 2.10
Let
3. Direct Sum of GFI-Extending Modules
In [2], it was proved that a direct sum of FI-extending modules is FI-extending. It is also known that a direct sum of singular modules is singular [7]. In this section, we show that GFI-extending property is closed under direct sums.
Theorem 3.1
Suppose the modules
Corollary 3.2
Corollary 3.3
M is finitely generated. M is of bounded order (i.e., nM = 0,for some positive integer n). M is divisible.
(i) Every finitely generated Abelian group is a direct sum of uniform ℤ-modules.
(ii) This part is from [10, p.262].
(iii) If
The following corollaries are direct consequences of Theorem 3.1.
Corollary 3.4
The proof is clear by Theorem 3.1.
Corollary 3.5
Let
In general, it is not known whether a direct summand of a GFI-extending module is also GFI-extending. However, in the following theorem, we prove that this implication is true under some restrictions.
Theorem 3.6
By Lemma 2.6,
Proposition 3.7
If
Acknowledgements
The author gratefully thanks to the Referee for the constructive comments and recommendations which definitely help to improve the readability and quality of the paper.
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